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Cognitive Distortion Patterns

Negative filtering

Focusing on what went wrong while overlooking what went well.

Reviewed by licensed therapists

What it is

Negative filtering is when your attention locks onto the bad part of an experience and filters out the rest. You might receive ten pieces of positive feedback and one critical note, but your mind only replays the criticism. Or you might have a mostly good day, but one awkward moment becomes the thing that “counts.” This pattern isn’t the same as noticing problems. Problems can matter. The distortion is that negative information gets treated as more real, more important, or more truthful than everything else.

Additional resources to explore: CBT can help you identify this pattern, what triggers it, and how to broaden your perspective beyond the negative.

Tips / how to work on it

The work is to deliberately widen the frame. Ask, “What am I leaving out?” “What also happened?” “What would this look like if I included all the data, not just the data supporting the worst?” This helps you realize that one negative detail isn’t the whole story.

A useful exercise: use a full-data review. Write three columns: what went wrong, what went okay, and what went well. Your brain may resist the second and third columns at first, which is exactly why they matter. You’re training attention to include the full picture.

More reading

Educational, not diagnostic.